Item Details

Language, marriage migration and the law

Issue: Vol 23 No. 1 (2016)

Journal: International Journal of Speech Language and the Law

Subject Areas: Linguistics

DOI: 10.1558/ijsll.v23i1.25894

Abstract:

In recent decades one of the most consistent migration routes has been through marriage; that is, where the marriage relationship is the basis of entry rights. From the perspective of government, marriage migration permits the entry of migrants who would not otherwise be admitted. Marriage can pose a fundamental challenge to governments’ attempts to manage migration. This article considers how successive British governments have introduced legislation to limit or prevent marriage migration to the UK. A recent dimension of this legislation has been the introduction of a requirement for candidates for entry, settlement and naturalisation to demonstrate a certain level of proficiency in the English language. The article particularly focuses on the introduction of pre-entry English language tests for applicants for marriage visas. The analysis examines the judgment of the High Court in a test case which engaged with the legislation to introduce the pre-entry language requirement.

Author: Adrian Blackledge

View Original Web Page

References :

Arnaut, K., Blommaert, J., Rampton, B. and Spotti, M. (2016) Introduction: superdiversity and sociolinguistics. In K. Arnaut, J. Blommaert, B. Rampton and M. Spotti (eds) Language and Superdiversity 1–17. London: Routledge.


Blackledge, A. (2005) Discourse and Power in a Multilingual World. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/dapsac.15


Blackledge A. (2008) Language ecology and language ideology. In A. Creese and P. Martin (eds)The Encyclopedia of Language and Education vol. 9: Ecology of Language 27–40. Heidelberg: Kluwer. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-30424-3_219


Blackledge, A., Creese, A and Hu, R. (2015) Voice and Social Relations in a City Market. Working Papers in Translanguaging and Translation (WP2), http://www.birmingham.ac.uk/generic/tlang/index.aspx


Blommaert, J. and Rampton, B. (2016) Language and superdiversity. In K. Arnaut, J. Blommaert, B. Rampton and M. Spotti (eds) Language and Superdiversity 21–48. London: Routledge.


Bourdieu, P. (1991) Language and Symbolic Power. Cambridge: Polity Press.


Bourdieu, P. (1993) The Field of Cultural Production: Essays on Art and Literature. Cambridge: Polity Press.


Bourdieu, P. (1998) Practical Reason. Cambridge: Polity Press.


Bourdieu, P. (2000) Pascalian Meditations. Cambridge: Polity Press.


Cantle, T. (2002) Community Cohesion: A Report of the Independent Review Team. London: The Stationery Office.


Charsley, K. (2011) Part 6: Does the pre-entry test enhance integration? In H. Wray, Expert Report: R (on the application of Chapti and others) v. SSHD: 36–44.


Charsley, K. (2012a) Transnational marriage. In K. Charsley (ed.) Transnational Marriage: New Perspectives from Europe and Beyond 3–22. London: Routledge.


Charsley, K. (2012b) Marriage, migration and transnational social spaces: a view from the UK. In K. Charsley (ed.) Transnational Marriage: New Perspectives from Europe and Beyond 189–208. London: Routledge.


Charsley, K. (2014) Marriage migration. In B. Anderson and M. Keith (eds) Migration: A COMPAS Anthology 22–23. Oxford: Centre on Migration, Policy and Society.


Clift, A.-M. (2011) Obstacles to passing the pre-entry test in the country of origin. Supplementary Expert Report: R (on the application of Chapti and others) v. SSHD.


Collier, V. P. and Thomas, W. P. (1989) How quickly can immigrants become proficient in school English? Journal of Educational Issues of Language Minority Students 5: 26–38.


Council of Europe (1950) European Convention on Human Rights Strasbourg: Conseil d’Europe.


Cummins, J. (1993) Bilingualism and second language learning. In W. Grabe (ed.) Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 51–70. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.


Department for Children, Schools and Families (2010) Early Years Foundation Stage Profile Achievement by Pupil Characteristics, England 2008/09. London: HMSO.


Eades, D. (2009) Testing the claims of asylum seekers: the role of language analysis. Language Assessment Quarterly 6(1): 30–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15434300802606523


Garçia, O. and Li Wei (2014) Translanguaging: Language, Bilingualism, and Education. London: Palgrave.


Gass, S. and Mackey, A. (2012) Introduction. In S. Gass and A. Mackey (eds) The Routledge Handbook of Second Language Acquisition– Abingdon: Routledge.


Hall, S. (2012) City, Street and Citizen: The Measure of the Ordinary. London: Routledge.


Home Office, The (2007) Marriage Visas: Pre-entry English Requirement for Spouses. London: The Stationery Office.


Home Office, The (2010a) Impact Assessment: English Language Requirement for Spouses. London: The Stationery Office.


Home Office, The (2010b) Equality Impact Assessment : English Language Requirement for Spouses. London: The Stationery Office.


Home Office, The (2011) Life in the UK: The Journey to Citizenship. London: The Stationery Office.


Home Office, The (2015) Immigration directorate instruction family migration: appendix FM section 1.21. English language requirement – family members under part 8, appendix FM and appendix armed forces.


Jordan, G. (2011) Part 2: The pre-entry test from a second language acquisition (SLA) perspective. In H. Wray, Expert Report: R (on the application of Chapti and others) v. SSHD: 16–22.


Lofland, L. (1998) The Public Realm: Exploring the City’s Quintessential Social Territory. Hawthorne, NY: Aldine de Gruyter.


McNamara, T. and Ryan, K. (2011) Fairness versus justice in language testing: the place of English literacy in the Australian citizenship test. Language Assessment Quarterly 8(2): 161–178. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15434303.2011.565438


Reisigl, M. and Wodak, R. (2000) ‘Austria first’: a discourse-historical analysis of the Austrian ‘Anti-Foreigner Petition’ in 1993. In M. Reisigl and R. Wodak (eds) The Semiotics of Racism 1–17. Vienna: Passagenverlag.


Reisigl, M. and Wodak, R. (2001) Discourse and Discrimination: Rhetorics of Racism and Antisemitism. London: Routledge.


Rooker, Lord (2001) Interview with Rt. Hon. Lord Rooker, 17 August 2001. ePolitix.com. http://www.epolitix.com/EN/Interviews/200108/D0B92A35-415A-48AD-8CD6-24AD418993E3.htm


Rymes, B. (2014) Communicating Beyond Language: Everyday Encounters with Diversity. London: Routledge.


Shohamy, E. (2009) Language tests for immigrants. Why language? Why tests? Why citizenship? In G. Hogan-Brun, C. Mar-Molinero and P. Stevenson (eds) Discourses on Language and Integration 45–60. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/dapsac.33.07sho


Tokuhama-Espinosa, T. (2008). Living languages: Multilingualism across the lifespan. Westport, CT: Greenwood.


Van Avermaet, P. (2009) Fortress Europe? Language policy regimes for immigration and citizenship. In G. Hogan-Brun, C. Mar-Molinero and P. Stevenson (eds) Discourses on Language and Integration 15–44. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.


van Dijk, T.A. (2000) On the analysis of parliamentary debates on immigration. In M. Reisigl and R. Wodak (eds) The Semiotics of Racism: Approaches in Critical Discourse Analysis 85–103. Vienna: Passagen Verlag.


Vertovec, S. (2014) Super-diversity. London: Routledge.


Wessendorf, S. (2010) Commonplace diversity: social interactions in a superdiverse context. Max Planck Working Paper WP 10–11.


Wray, H. (2011) Regulating Marriage Migration into the UK: A Stranger in the Home. Farnham: Ashgate.


Wray, H. (2013) Greater than the sum of their parts: UK Supreme Court decisions on family migration. Public Law 16 (October): 838–860.


Wray, H. (2015) An unusual case. http://mdxminds.com/2015/12/02/an-unusual-case/ (retrieved 18 January 2016).


Wray, H., Agoston, A. and Hutton, J. (2014) A family resemblance? The regulation of marriage migration in Europe. European Journal of Migration and Law 16: 209–247. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718166-12342054


Zhu Hua, Li Wei and Lyons, A. (2015) Translanguaging Business. Working Papers in Translation and Translanguaging, 5. University of Birmingham.