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Al-Ṭabarī’s History: cited here as (HT: volume no.) from the English translation The History of al-Ṭabarī, 40 vols. New York: State University of New York Press.

HT I: General Introduction and From the Creation to the Flood, translated by Franz Rosenthal, 1989.

HT II: Prophets and Patriarchs, translated by William M. Brinner, 1987.

HT III: The Children of Israel, translated by William M. Brinner, 1991.

HT V: The Sāsānids, the Byzantines, the Lakhmids, and Yemen, translated by C. E. Bosworth, 1999.

HT IIIVII: The ‘Abbāsid Recovery, translated by Philip M. Fields, 1987.

Guillaume, Alfred. 1995. The Life of Muhammad: A Translation of Ibn Ishaq’s Sirat Rasul Allah. Karachi: Oxford University Press.

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