Blurb:

The first part of the book examined theoretical tensions between the social and the individual in their approaches, while this second part explores how they are resolved in data-based research. In this chapter, the author draws on two theoretical frameworks discussed by Menezes (Chapter 5, this volume ) – Complexity Theory (Larsen-Freeman and Cameron 2008a, b) (sometimes called Dynamic Systems Theory: de Bot 2008) and Language Ecology (Kramsch 2002; van Lier 2004) – to analyse data on the language practices of transnational migrants to the United States.