Earwitnesses: the type of voice lineup affects the proportion of correct identifications and the realism in confidence judgments
Issue: Vol 21 No. 1 (2014)
Journal: International Journal of Speech Language and the Law
Subject Areas: Linguistics
Abstract:
According to Tulving and Thomson (1973) similarity in encoding and recall contexts will facilitate recall. We investigated if similarity between the original voice event and the voice-lineup helps people to identify the target from a voice-lineup and helps improve the realism in participants’ confidence judgments of the identification reports. Participants (N=199) tried to identify a voice heard in a dialogue context that simulated two males 22 and 27 years old planning a burglary. In the Text-lineup condition six male speakers read a text from a book and in the Dialogue-lineup condition the same speakers had a dialogue with another male speaker. Each recording lasted approx. 30 seconds. The Text-lineup condition showed better identification accuracy, lower overconfidence and better calibration compared with the Dialogue-lineup condition. These results deviate from Tulving and Thomson’s encoding specificity principle in memory psychology, maybe because text reading provides more useful voice features compared to dialogues.
Author: Farhan Sarwar, Carl Martin Allwood, Elisabeth Zetterholm
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