Abe, H. (2004) Lesbian bar talk in Shinjuku, Tokyo. In S. Okamoto and J. S. Shibamoto-Smith (eds) Japanese Language, Gender, and Ideology: Cultural Models and Real People 205–21. Oxford: Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1525/jlin.2005.15.1.38
Agha, A. (2005) Voice, footing, enregisterment. Journal of Linguistic Anthropology 15(1): 38–59.
Agha, A. (2007) Language and Social Relations. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Androutsopoulos, J. (2012) Repertoires, characters and scenes: sociolinguistic difference in Turkish–German comedy. Multilingua 31(2/3): 301–26. https://doi.org/10.1515/multi-2012-0014
Bakhtin, M. M. (1981) Forms of time and chronotope in the novel. In M. Holquist (ed.) and C. Emerson and M. Holquist (trans.) The Dialogic Imagination: Four Essays 84–258. Austin, TX: University of Texas Press.
Bell, A. (2001) Back in style: reworking audience design. In P. Eckert and J. R. Rickford (eds) Style and Sociolinguistic Variation 139–69. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Blommaert, J. (2015) Chronotopes, scales, and complexity in the study of language in society. Annual Review of Anthropology 44: 105–16. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-anthro-102214-014035
Boersma, P. and Weenink, D. (2016) Praat: a system for doing phonetics by computer (version 6.0.16). Retrieved from www.praat.org.
Camp, M. (2009) Japanese lesbian speech: sexuality, gender identity, and language. Doctoral dissertation, University of Arizona, USA. Retrieved from http://arizona.openrepository.com/arizona/handle/10150/195371.
Connell, R. W. (2005) Masculinities. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Dasgupta, R. (2000) Performing masculinities? The ‘salaryman’ at work and play. Journal of Japanese Studies 20(2): 189–200. https://doi.org/10.1080/713683779
Dasgputa, R. (2005) Salarymen doing straight: heterosexual men and the dynamics of gender conformity. In M. McLelland and R. Dasgputa (eds) Genders, Transgenders, and Sexualities in Japan 168–82. Oxford: Routledge.
Dasgupta, R. (2013) Re-reading the Salaryman in Japan: Crafting Masculinities. London: Routledge.
Deacon, C. (2013) All the world’s a stage: herbivore boys and the performance of masculinity in contemporary Japan. In B. Steger and A. Koch (eds) Manga Girl Seeks Herbivore Boy: Studying Japanese Gender at Cambridge 129–76. Munster: LIT Verlag.
Djenar, D. N. (2015) Pronouns and sociospatial ordering in conversation and fiction. In S. Sorlin and L. Gardelle (eds) The Pragmatics of Personal Pronouns 195–214. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Eckert, P. (2008) Variation and the indexical field. Journal of Sociolinguistics 12(4): 453–76. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9841.2008.00374.x
Hebdige, D. (1984) Subculture: The Meaning of Style. New York: Methuen.
Henton, C. G. (1989) Fact and fiction in the description of female and male speech. Language and Communication 9(4): 299–311. https://doi.org/10.1016/0271-5309(89)90026-8
Hidaka, T. (2010) Salaryman Masculinity: Continuity and Change in Hegemonic Masculinity in Japan. Leiden: Brill. https://doi.org/10.1163/ej.9789004183032.i-224
Hiramoto, M. (2010) Anime and intertextualities: hegemonic identities in Cowboy Bebop. Pragmatics and Society 1(2): 234–56. https://doi.org/10.1075/ps.1.2.03hir
Hiramoto, M. (2013) Hey, you’re a girl? Gendered expressions in the popular Japanese anime, Cowboy Bebop. Multilingua 32(1): 51–78.
Hirose, K., Sato, K., Asano, Y. and Minematsu, N. (2005) Synthesis of f0 contours using generation process model parameters predicted from unlabeled corpora: application to emotional speech synthesis. Speech Communication 46(3): 385–404. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.specom.2005.03.014
Howard, S. (1994) Eiwa taiyaku (eiga bunkō) kaze to tomo ni sarinu [English–Japanese Comparative Translation (Movie Book) Gone with the Wind] (trans. K. Ōba, A. Morita, K. Takemura and N. Tanabe). Tokyo: Nan’un-do.
Ide S. (ed.) (1997) Joseigo no sekai [The World of Women’s Language]. Tokyo: Meiji Shoin.
Ito, K. (2000) The manga culture in Japan. Japan Studies Review 4: 1–16.
Japan Magazine Publishers Association (2012) Shūkan Shōnen Jump. Retrieved on 21 November 2016 from www.zasshi-ad.com/media/comic/boy/weeklyjump.html.
Japan Magazine Publishers Association (2016) JMPA Magajin Dēta. Retrieved on 21 November 2016 from www.j-magazine.or.jp/user/data/magdata.
Kinsui S. (2003) Vācharu nihongo: yakuwarigo no nazo [Virtual Japanese: The Mystery of Role Language]. Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten.
Kinsui S. (ed.) (2014) Yakuwarigo shōjiten [Dictionary of Role Language]. Tokyo: Kenkyusha.
Lippi-Green, R. (1997) English with an Accent: Language, Ideology, and Discrimination in the United States. London: Routledge.
Maynard, S. K. (2016) Fluid Orality in the Discourse of Japanese Popular Culture. Philadelphia, PA: John Benjamins. https://doi.org/10.1075/pbns.263
Mitchell, M. (1957) Kaze to tomo ni sarinu [Gone with the Wind] (trans. Y. Ōkubo and M. Takeuchi). Tokyo: Shinchōsha.
Miyazaki, A. (2004) Japanese junior high school girls’ and boys’ first-person pronoun use and their social world. In S. Okamoto and J. S. Shibamoto Smith (eds) Japanese Language, Gender, and Ideology 256–74. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Nakamura M. (2007) ‘Sei’ to nihongo [‘Gender’ and Japanese]. Tokyo: NHK Books.
Nakamura M. (2013) Honyaku ga tsukurareru Nihongo [Japanese Made in Translation]. Tokyo: Gendai Shokan.
Nishida T. (2011) Tsundere expressions as role language, focusing on circumstances of usage. In Kinsui S. (ed.) Yakuwarigo kenkyū no tenkai [Advances in Role Language Research] 265–78. Tokyo: Kuroshio Shuppan.
Nishimura, S. (1997) Saraba waga seishun no Shōnen Janpu [Goodbye Shōnen Jump of my Youth]. Tokyo: Gentosha.
Ochs, E. (1992) Indexing gender. In A. Duranti and C. Goodwin (eds) Rethinking Context: Language as an Interactive Phenomenon 335–58. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Roberson, J. E. and Suzuki, N. (2003) Men and Masculinities in Contemporary Japan: Dislocating the Salaryman Doxa. New York: Routledge.
Saito, J. (2012) Construction of institutional identities by male individuals in subordinate positions in the Japanese workplace. Journal of Pragmatics 22(4): 697–719. https://doi.org/10.1075/prag.22.4.07sai
Shibatani, M. (1990) The Languages of Japan. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Smitsmans, J. (2015) The Resilience of Hegemonic Salaryman Masculinity: A Comparison of Three Prominent Masculinities. Working Papers in Contemporary Asian Studies, 51. Lund: Centre for East and South-East Asian Studies, Lund University.
Stamou, A. G. (2014) A literature review on the mediation of sociolinguistic style in television and cinematic fiction: sustaining the ideology of authenticity. Language and Literature 23(2): 118–40. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963947013519551
SturtzSreetharan, C. (2004) Students, sarariiman (pl.), and seniors: Japanese men’s use of ‘manly’ speech register. Language in Society 33(1): 81–107.
Taga, F. (2006) Otoko-rashisa no shakaigaku [The Sociology of Manliness]. Kyoto: Sekaishi Seminar.
Teshigawara, M. (2003). Voices in Japanese animation: a phonetic study of vocal stereotypes of heroes and villains in Japanese culture. Doctoral dissertation, University of Victoria. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1828/361.
Teshigawara, M. (2007) Voice qualities of vocal stereotypes of good guys and bad guys: a phonetic study in the role language framework. In Kinsui S. (ed.) Yakuwarigo kenkyū no chihei [Foundations of Role Language Research] 49–70. Tokyo: Kuroshio Shuppan.
Teshigawara, M. and Kinsui, S. (2011) Modern Japanese ‘role language’ (yakuwarigo): fictionalised orality in Japanese literature and popular culture. Sociolinguistic Studies 5(11): 37–58.
Togashi J. (2011) Properties of the tsundere and character and their relationship to linguistic expression: A case study of tsundere expressions. In Kinsui S. (ed.) Yakuwarigo kenkyū no tenkai [Advances in Role Language Research] 279–95. Tokyo: Kuroshio Shuppan.
Toku, M. (2007) Shojo manga! Girls’ comics! A mirror of girls! Dreams. Mechademia: Networks of Desire 2: 19–32.
Ueno, J. (2006) Shojo and adult women: a linguistic analysis of gender identity in manga (Japanese comics). Women and Language 29(1): 16–25.
Unser-Schutz, G. (2010) Girls, boys and manga: sentence final particles in Japanese comics for girls and boys. Proceedings of the 6th Biennial International Gender and Language Association Conference 404–24. Tokyo: Tsuda College.
Unser-Schutz, G. (2015) Influential or influenced? The relationship between genre, gender and language in manga. Gender and Language 9(2): 223–54. https://doi.org/10.1558/genl.v9i2.17331
Yomiuri Shimbun Morning Edition (2003) Shōnenshi sakuhin: joshi nimo ninki. Yomiuri Shimbun Morning Edition (16 June).
Yuasa, I. P. (2008) Culture and Gender of Voice Pitch: A Sociophonetic Comparison of the Japanese and Americans. London: Equinox Publishing.