Blurb:

Matthiessen contextualizes translation and locates translation within a typology of systems, which he names as ‘the environments of translation’, i.e. the information translators have access to that influence their choices in translation. In this way, translation has been examined within an overall architecture of language in context. Matthiessen summarizes six dimensions that together define the environments of translation, including stratification, instantiation, rank, metafunction, delicacy, and axis. Along these dimensions, one can then investigate translation equivalence and translation shift between the source text and the target text.